Diversity in living standards and population growth leads to increased global energy consumption. Human comfort always plays a vital role in using different means to reduce the effects of weather conditions. The building sector captures approximately 40% of the global energy and it is most commonly used for cooling and for heating of the space occupied due to the use of appliances such as room heaters or air coolers, air conditioners, etc. The use of these appliances contributes significantly to global warming, which is a very serious environmental problem. Passive energy sources are used widely to reduce the consumption of energy due to heating and cooling of the building. Earth air pipe heat exchanger is one of the passive cooling/ heating technology used for the indoor thermal comfort of the occupants. In this review article, various discussion has been done on the use of passive energy explained by the earth air pipe heat exchanger and various investigations conducted by authors under different conditions and parameters like air velocity, pipe depth, pipe length, etc. that the thermal conductivity of the soil is the key point to the efficient operation of the earth air pipe heat exchanger system and it is also necessary to maintain the thermal conductivity of the soil in the vicinity of the pipe in order to achieve better performance in operation.