TY - JOUR TI - Thermal gradients and ferrite formation in weld joints: A detailed study of temperature effects on microstructure and mechanical properties AU - MUBARAK, L.M. AU - M. AL-MRAYATEE, H. AU - KAREEM, A.H. AU - AHMED, B.A. AU - MAJDI, H.S. JO - Journal of Thermal Engineering PY - 2026 VL - 12 SP - 739 EP - 755 DO - 10.14744/thermal.0001115 ER -